ATTORNEY AT LAW LORETA FILIPOVA: A HELPING HAND FOR VICTIMS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE


Every case of domestic violence is a complex matter in which not only every minute counts – and having a competent and well-established lawyer such as Loreta Filipova by your side is crucial

Loreta Filipova lawyer.jpg
Loreta Filipova, lawyer

Are women in Bulgaria who are victims of violence becoming more aware of their rights?

Legal awareness regarding domestic violence is gradually increasing, but there is still a significant gap between formally knowing your rights and being genuinely prepared to exercise them in time. I often meet women who recognise the abuse only when it has already led to severe psychological, emotional or financial dependence.

The problem is rarely a lack of legal protection. More often, it lies in fear of the consequences – social pressure, financial insecurity, dependence on the perpetrator or distrust of institutions. That is why legal assistance in such cases is not merely a procedural matter, but also a process of restoring a sense of security and personal autonomy.

More women are seeking protection at an earlier stage. However, the most important factor remains timely action – consulting a lawyer, documenting the abuse and refusing to remain silent. Because in cases of domestic violence, time carries not only legal, but also life-changing value.

What is the most widespread misconception about the legislation protecting victims of domestic violence?

That domestic violence only matters in legal terms when there are serious physical injuries. Bulgarian legislation, however, also recognises psychological, emotional, economic and verbal abuse as forms of unlawful behaviour. Many victims underestimate psychological abuse because it leaves no visible marks. Yet in practice, systematic control, isolation, humiliation and threats are often the precursors to physical violence.

There is also another misunderstanding – that you need "perfect" evidence to obtain protection. The law provides mechanisms for emergency judicial protection whenever there is sufficient indication of risk. The law does not require a victim to reach a critical point before being heard. The law's true function is prevention, not reaction after a tragedy has already occurred.

What is the one legal piece of advice that could literally save a human life?

Never wait for "the next time" before seeking protection. In cases of domestic violence, escalation is rarely sudden – it is gradual, cyclical and predictable.

Any form of threat, control, stalking, humiliation or physical aggression should be treated as a legally relevant sign of risk, rather than dismissed as a "private family conflict". It is precisely the minimisation of these early warning signs that places victims in the greatest danger.

That is why my advice is always this: document everything, inform someone close to you, seek legal counsel and do not go through the process alone. The law provides emergency protective measures, but they work only when sought in time.

Silence is often seen as an attempt to preserve peace. In reality, it just prolongs the risk. And sometimes, a timely legal action can be the line between escalation and a life being saved.

Sofia, 9-11 Princess Marie Louise Blvd, floor 3
0886 873 340
0898 377 899
Facebook: Адвокат Лорета Филипова

Адв. Лорета Филипова: Протегната ръка за жертвите на домашно насилие

Всеки случай на домашно насилие е сложен казус, при който не само всяка минута е важна - от ключово значение е да имате до себе си компетентен утвърден адвокат като Лорета Филипова.

Какво показва практиката ви - познават ли жените в България, които са жертви на насилие, по-добре правата си?

Правната култура по отношение на домашното насилие постепенно се повишава, но все още има сериозна дистанция между формалното познаване на правата и реалната готовност те да бъдат упражнени навреме. Често срещам жени, които разпознават насилието едва когато то вече е довело до тежка психологическа, емоционална или икономическа зависимост. Проблемът рядко е в липсата на законова защита. По-често е в страха от последствията - обществен натиск, финансова несигурност, зависимост от извършителя или недоверие към институциите. Именно затова правната помощ в подобни случаи не е само процесуална дейност, а възстановяване на усещането за сигурност и лична автономия. Положителният знак е, че все повече жени търсят защита в по-ранен етап. Но най-важното остава своевременната реакция - консултация с адвокат, документиране на насилието и отказ от мълчание. Защото при домашното насилие времето има не само юридическа, но и житейска стойност.

Коя е най-разпространената заблуда относно законодателството, което защитава жертвите на домашно насилие?

Най-разпространената и опасна заблуда е, че домашното насилие има значение за закона единствено, когато са налице тежки физически травми. Българското законодателство обаче признава и психическото, емоционалното, икономическото и вербалното насилие като форми на противоправно поведение. Много жертви подценяват именно психологическата агресия, защото тя не оставя видими следи. А в практиката именно системният контрол, изолацията, унижението и заплахите често предхождат физическото насилие. Съществува и друго погрешно схващане - че защита не може да бъде получена без "перфектни" доказателства. Законът предвижда механизми за спешна съдебна защита и при наличие на достатъчно данни за риск. Правото не изисква жертвата да достигне до критична точка, за да бъде чута. Същинската функция на закона е превенцията, а не реакцията след настъпила трагедия.

Кой е онзи юридически съвет, който буквално може да спаси човешки живот?

Най-важният юридически съвет е никога да не се чака "следващия път", за да бъде потърсена защита. При домашното насилие ескалацията рядко е внезапна - тя е постепенна, циклична и предвидима. Всяка форма на заплаха, контрол, преследване, унижение или физическа агресия следва да бъде възприемана като правно релевантен сигнал за риск, а не като "личен семеен конфликт". Именно омаловажаването на ранните прояви поставя жертвите в най-голяма опасност. Затова моят съвет винаги е: документирайте всичко, уведомете близък човек, потърсете адвокат и не оставайте сами в процеса. Законът предвижда спешни мерки за защита, но те са ефективни само, когато бъдат потърсени навреме. Мълчанието често се възприема като опит за запазване на мира. В действителност то нерядко удължава риска. А понякога едно навременно правно действие може да бъде границата между ескалацията и спасения човешки живот.

София, бул. "Княгиня Мария Луиза" 9-11, ет. 3
0886 873 340
0898 377 899
Facebook: Адвокат Лорета Филипова

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